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Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Occlusion of the Great and Small Saphenous Vein Using Copolymeric Glue Based on N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate and Methacryloxy Sulfolane

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Embolization with Quick-Soluble Gelatin Sponge Particles for Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Multicenter Study.

Chang Ho Jeon¹, Seung Boo Yang², Woo Jin Yang³

¹Department of Radiology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Republic of Korea.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

|November 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transarterial embolization (TAE) using quick-soluble gelatin sponge particles (QS-GSPs) is a safe and effective treatment for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding, achieving over 75% clinical success with minimal complications.

Keywords:

bowel infarction embolization embolotherapy gastrointestinal bleeding transarterial embolization

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Endoscopic Injection Sclerotherapy Assisted by Cyanoacrylate and Clips for Gastroesophageal Varices

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Published on: June 13, 2025

Area of Science:

Interventional Radiology
Gastroenterology
Vascular Surgery

Background:

Transarterial embolization (TAE) is a key treatment for lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) when endoscopy is not feasible.
Quick-soluble gelatin sponge particles (QS-GSPs) offer a potentially safer alternative to permanent embolic agents due to their rapid dissolution, minimizing ischemic risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of TAE utilizing QS-GSPs for managing acute nonvariceal lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Main Methods:

A retrospective multicenter study analyzed 29 patients undergoing TAE with QS-GSPs for acute LGIB between 2021 and 2024.
Technical success was defined as arterial occlusion/stasis, and clinical success as bleeding cessation with hemodynamic stability and no major complications within a week.
Complications, including transient or permanent bowel ischemia, were meticulously assessed.

Main Results:

Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases, with a clinical success rate of 75.9% (22/29 patients).
Seven patients (24.1%) experienced clinical failure due to persistent or recurrent bleeding.
Transient bowel ischemia occurred in 6.9% of patients, resolving spontaneously without any instances of bowel infarction.

Conclusions:

TAE with QS-GSPs presents a favorable safety profile for acute lower GI bleeding, with over 75% clinical success.
The use of QS-GSPs resulted in transient bowel ischemia in a small percentage of patients, all of whom experienced spontaneous resolution, highlighting a low risk of permanent ischemic injury.