A Narrative Review on Current Status of Conscious Sedation for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Anesthesiologic management of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI) is a key factor in procedural success and effectiveness. Although general anesthesia was the main anesthesiologic approach during the early years of the development of TAVI, over the last decade, there has been a shift towards sedation. Hemodynamic stability is the main concern of intraoperative anesthesiologic management. Preprocedural, multidisciplinary assessment of the patient is essential prior to TAVI and should include a full anesthesiologic evaluation. TAVI offers a number of advantages to patients and medical teams, but important accompanying complications and anesthesiologic risks remain. In this narrative review, all aspects of sedation in TAVI are presented and analyzed, including methods, patient selection, contraindications, drug administration, intraprocedural parameters, outcomes, and future developments in this field.