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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...

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Transcriptomics Reveals the Inhibitory Effect of Scutellarin on PRRSV-Infected PAMs.

Guidong Zhang¹, Teng Tu², Yanwei Li¹

¹College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.

|November 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scutellarin (SCU) effectively inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in pigs. This natural compound directly targets the virus and may work by modulating host immunity and inflammation pathways.

Keywords:

porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus scutellarin transcriptomic analysis

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Virology
Natural Product Chemistry
Immunology

Background:

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a significant global swine industry threat caused by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).
High PRRSV mutation rates reduce vaccine efficacy, necessitating novel antiviral drug development.
Scutellarin (SCU), a flavonoid from *Scutellaria baicalensis*, has known antiviral properties, but its effect on PRRSV was uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the antiviral activity of scutellarin (SCU) against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).
To elucidate the mechanism of SCU's action against PRRSV infection in vitro.

Main Methods:

In vitro cell culture experiments using porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with PRRSV.
Transcriptomic analysis to identify host pathways affected by SCU treatment.
Direct antiviral activity assays of SCU against PRRSV.

Main Results:

Scutellarin demonstrated significant inhibition of PRRSV infection in PAMs.
SCU was found to act directly on the PRRSV to achieve antiviral effects.
Transcriptomic data indicated SCU modulates host immunity and anti-inflammation via pathways like complement and coagulation cascades, ECM-receptor interaction, Rap1, and PI3K-Akt signaling.

Conclusions:

Scutellarin exhibits potent antiviral activity against PRRSV.
SCU's mechanism involves direct viral inhibition and modulation of host immune and inflammatory responses.
SCU represents a potential therapeutic candidate for managing PRRSV infections in swine.