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Probenecid Treatment Inhibits Replication of the Edmonston Measles Virus Strain in Vero Cells

Jackelyn Murray1, David E Martin2, Ralph A Tripp1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.

Viruses
|November 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Probenecid effectively inhibits measles virus (MeV) replication in cell cultures. This host-directed antiviral shows promise as a potential therapeutic agent against measles, addressing a gap in current treatment options.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Measles virus (MeV) lacks FDA-approved antiviral treatments, necessitating supportive care.
  • Current MeV management includes vitamin A, ribavirin, vaccination, and immunoglobulin for specific populations.
  • The Edmonston strain of MeV is foundational to the measles vaccine (MMR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antiviral potential of probenecid against the Edmonston strain of measles virus.
  • To evaluate probenecid's efficacy in inhibiting MeV replication in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Probenecid was tested for its ability to inhibit MeV replication in VeroE6 and Vero-SLAM cell lines.
  • Experiments involved both prophylactic (pre-treatment) and therapeutic (post-infection) administration of probenecid.

Main Results:

  • Probenecid prophylaxis inhibited Edmonston MeV strain replication in VeroE6 cells (1.12 μM) and Vero-SLAM cells (1.03 μM).
  • Therapeutic treatment (1 hour post-infection) inhibited replication in VeroE6 cells (1.32 μM) and Vero-SLAM cells (8.66 μM).

Conclusions:

  • Probenecid demonstrates significant in vitro antiviral activity against measles virus.
  • These findings suggest probenecid as a potential host-directed antiviral drug for measles treatment.
Keywords:
Edmonston strainmeasles virusprobenecidviral replication

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