Clinical pathological analysis of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: A retrospective study

To explore the clinical and pathological features of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix. Clinical data of 4 patients with primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix were collected, and the clinical features, histopathological characteristics, immunohistochemical staining results, treatment, and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. The relevant literature was reviewed and summarized. The age of the 4 patients ranged from 48 to 62 years, with an average age of 54.3 years. Patients 1, 2, and 3 sought medical attention because of irregular vaginal bleeding, whereas patient 4 presented with lower abdominal pain and discomfort. Histologically, all 4 cases were small-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. Immunophenotyping: tumor cells were diffusely strongly positive for P16, and expressed 2 or more neuroendocrine markers, with positive rates of CD56 100% (4/4), synaptophysin (SYN) 100% (4/4), and chromogranin (CgA) 50% (2/4). The first and second cases were positive for TTF-1, epithelial marker panCK was positive, and Ki-67 proliferation index was >70% in all cases. This is a relatively rare and highly malignant cervical tumor with strong invasiveness and a poor prognosis. This may be related to human papillomavirus infection. A definitive diagnosis can be made based on the histopathological morphology and immunophenotype.