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Relationship Between Smoking and Angina Across Diverse Demographic and Socioeconomic Subgroups in the United States:

Meenakshi R Yathindra1, Maheswari Pulluru2, Amol Deokar3

  • 1Internal Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangaluru, IND.

Cureus
|November 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Smoking is significantly linked to angina and coronary heart disease (CHD). The association is stronger in young adults, females, and minority ethnic groups, indicating a need for targeted public health interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular epidemiology
  • Public health research
  • Behavioral risk factors

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD), often presenting as angina, is a major global health concern.
  • Smoking is a well-established modifiable risk factor for CHD.
  • The interplay between smoking, demographic, and socioeconomic factors in CHD risk requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between smoking and angina or CHD.
  • To specifically analyze how demographic and socioeconomic factors modify this relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data.
  • Inclusion of respondents with detailed smoking and angina information.
  • Statistical evaluation of current smoking status against angina/CHD history, controlling for gender, ethnicity, age, income, and education.

Main Results:

  • A significant association between smoking and angina was observed (OR=1.149, CI=1.106-1.193).
  • Elevated odds of association were noted in young adults (OR=4.504), females (OR=1.356), Hispanic (OR=1.502), Black (OR=1.214), and highly educated individuals (OR=1.186).

Conclusions:

  • Smokers reported higher rates of angina/CHD compared to non-smokers.
  • The heightened association in specific demographics (young adults, females, Hispanic, Black individuals) underscores the necessity for tailored public health strategies and interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
anginabrfsschdodds ratioretrospective studysmoking

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