Multiple Phleboliths in the Upper Lip Vascular Malformation: An Unusual Case Report

Vascular malformations are congenital lesions from embryonic vascular disruptions, classified by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) into low- and high-flow types with normal endothelial turnover. Phleboliths are calcified thrombi formed by stasis, which is rare in head and neck regions and exceptionally uncommon in pediatric lip lesions. This case report presents a rare manifestation of multiple phleboliths in a 10-year-old patient with a congenital venous malformation, while delineating the key diagnostic modalities and therapeutic interventions.