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Related Concept Videos

The Vestibular System01:29

The Vestibular System

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The vestibular system is a set of inner ear structures that provide a sense of balance and spatial orientation. This system is comprised of structures within the labyrinth of the inner ear, including the cochlea and two otolith organs—the utricle and saccule. The labyrinth also contains three semicircular canals—superior, posterior, and horizontal—that are oriented on different planes.
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Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

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The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
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Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

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Mouse Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Testing for Otolith Organs and Horizontal Semicircular Canal.

Tong Zhao1, Shijie Xiao1, Qingsong Liu1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.

Bio-Protocol
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a standardized protocol for measuring mouse vestibulo-ocular reflexes (VORs), using angular VOR (aVOR) and off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) tests. This method allows for noninvasive assessment of vestibular function, aiding in the study of balance disorders.

Keywords:
Comprehensive mouse vestibular function evaluationOff-vertical axis rotation (OVAR)Otolith organSemicircular canalsVestibulo-ocular reflexes (VORs)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Vestibular System Research
  • Animal Models in Research

Background:

  • Vestibulo-ocular reflexes (VORs) are crucial for maintaining visual stability during head movements.
  • Assessing vestibular function in mice is vital for understanding balance disorders.
  • Existing methods for VOR measurement in mice can be invasive or lack standardization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a standardized, noninvasive protocol for measuring VORs in mice.
  • To detail the methodology for both angular VOR (aVOR) and off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) tests.
  • To provide a framework for evaluating vestibular deficits in mouse models.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a protocol involving eye rotation calibration and a noninvasive mouse immobilization setup.
  • Integrated aVOR and OVAR stimulus modes for comprehensive vestibular assessment.
  • Included waveform interpretation for deriving VOR values and analyzing horizontal semicircular canal cristae (HSCC) and otolith organ function.

Main Results:

  • The protocol enables precise measurement of VORs in mice.
  • Integrated aVOR and OVAR modes allow for evaluation of both otolith organs and horizontal semicircular canals.
  • Standardized calibration tools facilitate inter-laboratory comparison of results.

Conclusions:

  • This methodology offers a standardized and noninvasive approach to assess vestibular function in mice.
  • The protocol is suitable for evaluating common vestibular deficits.
  • Advancements in VOR measurement are expected to provide deeper insights into HSCC and otolith organ function.