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Updated: Jan 10, 2026
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Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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Chatbot Memory: Uncovering How Mental Effort and Chabot Interactions Affect Short-Term Learning
Alexandre Marois1,2, Isabelle Lavallée3, Gabrielle Boily1
1École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Summary
Learning with generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots is as effective for short-term memory as traditional web browsing. However, chatbot use may reduce the mental effort required for learning tasks.
Area of Science:
- Artificial Intelligence
- Cognitive Science
- Educational Technology
Background:
- Generative AI, including large language models (LLMs) and chatbots like ChatGPT, is transforming information access and learning.
- While chatbots offer efficiency, their impact on learning effectiveness and mental effort compared to traditional methods is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effect of chatbot interaction on short-term learning and mental effort.
- To compare learning outcomes and perceived workload between chatbot-based and web-based information retrieval.
Main Methods:
- Participants used either a chatbot or the internet to gather information for essay questions.
- Memory performance was measured to assess learning outcomes.
- Self-reported workload was used to gauge mental effort.
Main Results:
- Memory performance was comparable between the chatbot and internet browsing groups.
- Participants interacting with chatbots reported significantly lower workload, indicating reduced mental effort.
Conclusions:
- Chatbot interactions do not impair short-term memory performance compared to web browsing.
- The reduced mental effort associated with chatbots warrants further investigation into their long-term educational implications.
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