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|November 27, 2025
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We introduce FAMPNN (Full-Atom MPNN), a novel deep learning method for protein sequence design. FAMPNN explicitly models sidechain conformation, improving sequence recovery and achieving state-of-the-art protein packing and binding predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Protein Engineering
  • Deep Learning

Background:

  • Current deep learning methods for protein sequence design often neglect explicit modeling of sidechain conformation.
  • Sidechain conformation is critical for protein structure, stability, and function.
  • Existing models infer sidechain interactions indirectly from backbone geometry and sequence labels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a deep learning method that explicitly models both protein sequence identity and sidechain conformation.
  • To improve the accuracy and applicability of computational protein design.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of FAMPNN (Full-Atom MPNN), a novel graph neural network architecture.
  • Jointly learning discrete amino acid identity and continuous sidechain conformation using a combined categorical cross-entropy and diffusion loss objective.
  • Utilizing full-atom representations for each residue during sequence generation.

Main Results:

  • FAMPNN demonstrates improved sequence recovery compared to existing methods.
  • The method achieves state-of-the-art performance in sidechain packing.
  • Benefits of full-atom modeling extend to accurate zero-shot prediction of experimental binding and stability.

Conclusions:

  • Explicitly modeling sidechain conformation alongside sequence identity is a synergistic approach that enhances protein design.
  • FAMPNN offers a more comprehensive and accurate method for computational protein sequence design.
  • The developed method has practical implications for predicting protein biophysical properties.