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Characterizing Water Insecurity Among US College Students: Prevalence, Scope and Linkages With Food Insecurity.

Cassandra L Workman1, Alexandra Brewis2, Amber Wutich2

  • 1University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.

American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council
|November 27, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

University students face significant water and food insecurity, with economic stress exacerbating these issues. Those experiencing food insecurity are more likely to also be water insecure, highlighting a critical campus resource gap.

Keywords:
college/university studentsfood insecuritywater insecurity

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Sociology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Food insecurity is prevalent among US university students, disproportionately affecting minoritized and first-generation individuals.
  • Research links food and water insecurity, but water insecurity on college campuses is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore water insecurity among university students.
  • To examine the relationship between water insecurity, food insecurity, and socioeconomic factors.
  • To investigate water-related psycho-emotional outcomes and bottled water consumption.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory study surveyed 220 university students, measuring water insecurity, food insecurity, demographics, and psycho-emotional outcomes.
  • Statistical analyses included Tobit regressions, ordered logistic regressions, and generalized structural equation models (GSEM).
  • Qualitative data on bottled water purchasing motivations were also collected.

Main Results:

  • 43% of students reported low to moderate water insecurity, and 31% reported food insecurity, exceeding national averages.
  • Food-insecure students were significantly more likely to be water insecure.
  • Economic stress was a predictor of water insecurity, bottled water purchasing, and negative psycho-emotional outcomes related to water.

Conclusions:

  • University students experience significant resource insecurity, particularly concerning water.
  • Findings suggest a pattern of water insecurity risk on campuses similar to that of food insecurity.
  • Addressing economic stress is crucial for mitigating water insecurity and its associated negative impacts.