Limited Awareness and Persistent Barriers To Crime Victims Compensation in Violently Injured Patients

Violent injury imposes substantial economic, health, and social burdens on survivors, yet little is known about awareness and access to state-run Crime Victims Compensation (CVC) programs among those most affected. This study examined CVC awareness, application patterns, and barriers among violently injured patients at an urban Level I trauma center. We conducted a prospective cohort study of adults (≥ 18 years) admitted between February 1, 2024 and February 1, 2025 for injuries due to firearm assault, pedestrian-motor vehicle collision, physical assault, or reckless injury. Data from the electronic medical record, participant surveys, and the Wisconsin Department of Justice CVC database were analyzed to identify factors associated with CVC application and outcomes. Of 2,200 trauma patients screened, 141 were enrolled. Participants were predominantly male (74%) and Black (68%), with 62% residing in neighborhoods in the highest deciles of socioeconomic disadvantage. Only 9% were aware of the CVC program prior to enrollment, yet 50% applied for funds. Applicants were more likely to be younger, Black, employed, and survivors of gunshot wounds. Among applicants, 55% were approved and 30% denied; delinquent child support accounted for 67% of denials, and discomfort engaging with law enforcement for 14%. Most participants (93%) anticipated injury-related costs (median $1,500). CVC awareness among violently injured patients remains extremely low. Integrating CVC education and assistance into hospital workflows and reforming punitive eligibility criteria are essential to promote equitable financial recovery and community reintegration after violent injury.