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Price Transparency and Patient Empowerment.

Alicia Hall1

  • 1Department of Philosophy and Religion, Mississippi State University, Starkville, USA. aah400@msstate.edu.

Health Care Analysis : HCA : Journal of Health Philosophy and Policy
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Health care price transparency tools aim to control costs and empower patients. However, only active price disclosure, not passive information availability, truly empowers patients without increasing burdens, especially for disadvantaged groups.

Keywords:
EmpowermentEthicsHealth care costsPersonal autonomyPrice transparencySocial justice

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health Ethics
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Growing availability of health care price transparency tools in the US.
  • These tools aim to control rising healthcare costs and empower patients with financial information for decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if health care price transparency tools genuinely empower patients using a public health ethics framework.
  • To distinguish between passive and active price transparency initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of health care price transparency initiatives through the lens of Nancy Kass's public health ethics framework.
  • Distinction between passive (information available) and active (information provided) transparency approaches.

Main Results:

  • Passive price transparency initiatives, common in the US, risk increasing patient burdens, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations.
  • Active price transparency, involving direct price disclosure, is identified as the only method that empowers patients fairly and without undue burden.

Conclusions:

  • Passive health care price transparency tools may not achieve patient empowerment and can exacerbate existing inequities.
  • Active price disclosure is essential for ethically and effectively empowering patients in health care decision-making.