Planarization, Squarization, and Verticalization for Optimal Surgical View Exposure in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy...

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Lap-C) is generally considered an entry-level surgical procedure. However, achieving a properly tensioned and well-exposed surgical field tailored to each specific case is not always straightforward. In this study, we demonstrate our surgical field exposure strategy based on three key concepts in Lap-C: planarization, squarization ("square-shaped exposure"), and verticalization.

To verbalize the surgical technique, we first defined the three key concepts-planarization, squarization, and verticalization-in the context of Lap-C. The operative procedure was then divided into four major steps: serosal incision, creation of the critical view of safety, transection of cystic structures, and dissection of the gallbladder bed. Each step was performed with conscious application of these principles to optimize the surgical field.

The use of verbalized surgical techniques may facilitate more optimal surgical field exposure and tissue dissection, ultimately contributing to safer laparoscopic cholecystectomy.