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A New Method for Inducing a Depression-Like Behavior in Rats

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When is suicide a public health issue?

Tessa Jane Holzman¹, Julian Savulescu^2,3

¹Charles Sturt University Faculty of Arts and Education, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia tholzman@csu.edu.au.

Journal of Medical Ethics

|November 27, 2025

Summary

Suicide prevention requires a clear definition of what constitutes a "bad death." This framework is essential for effective national suicide prevention strategies, moving beyond simply preventing death or wrongful death.

Keywords:

Death Euthanasia Mental Health Personal Autonomy Suicide

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Philosophy of Medicine
Health Policy

Background:

The Australian Productivity Commission (PC) released an interim report on the National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Agreement.
Current recommendations for suicide prevention are considered incomplete.
A fundamental question remains regarding when suicide is a public health issue.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the negative aspects of suicide.
To articulate the rationale and conditions for suicide prevention.
To evaluate different approaches to suicide prevention.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of suicide prevention.
Examination of three distinct approaches: prevention of death, prevention of wrongful death, and prevention of bad death.
Argumentation for the most effective approach.

Main Results:

The approach of suicide prevention as the prevention of death is insufficient.
The approach of suicide prevention as the prevention of wrongful death has limitations.
Suicide prevention framed as the prevention of bad death is most adequate.

Conclusions:

A national suicide prevention scheme must define suicide as a "bad death."
The "bad death" framework provides a robust foundation for public health interventions.
This approach aligns with the ultimate goals of comprehensive suicide prevention.