Development and validation of a predictive model for recurrence in postoperative patients with stage ⅠA1-ⅢA non-small...

Patients of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) face a high risk of recurrence postoperatively, yet there is a lack of comprehensive predictive models that integrate genetic and other multifaceted information.

This retrospective cohort study analyzed 911 patients with stage ⅠA1-ⅢA NSCLC in West China Hospital between November 2013 and August 2020, aimed to develop a prediction model incorporating demographic, clinical, pathological, radiological, and genetic data to enhance postoperative risk stratification and inform personalized follow-up and treatment strategies. After Lasso regression and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, mutations in JAK1 and STK11, disease stage, visceral pleural invasion (VPI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), tumor spread through air spaces (STAS), radiological density, cavitary sign, and smoking index (SI), were identified as significant risk factors.

These variables were integrated into a nomogram model to classify patients into three risk categories for recurrence: low (total score ≤ 100), moderate (100 < total score ≤ 175.16), and high (total score > 175.16). The performance of the nomogram was rigorously assessed through calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis both in training set [AUC:0.88, 95% CI: 0.83-0.93 1year; AUC: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81-0.89r 3year, AUC: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81-0.895year] and validation set (AUC: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79-0.92 1year; AUC: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.76-0.89 3year, AUC: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.78-0.91 5year).

Our multi-source imaging-genomic-clinical model accurately predicts the risk of recurrence after surgery in stage ⅠA1-ⅢA NSCLC patients and can be used for risk stratification to guide clinical follow-up management and postoperative treatment strategies.