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The dietary inflammatory index is associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease
Niyaziaili Adili1, Qian Zhao1, Gulandanmu Aihemaiti1
1State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Insights
A higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score, indicating a more inflammatory diet, is linked to increased likelihood and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). An anti-inflammatory diet may help manage CAD.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
- Nutritional Science
- Inflammation Studies
Background:
- Chronic inflammation is a known risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) development and progression.
- The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) quantifies the inflammatory potential of an individual's diet.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 214 stable angina patients and 214 matched healthy controls.
- Dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.
- Coronary artery disease severity was evaluated using the Gensini score.
Main Results:
- Individuals in the highest DII tertile had a significantly higher odds of CAD compared to the lowest tertile (OR=3.50).
- Higher DII scores were independently associated with an increased likelihood of severe CAD (OR=4.09, P trend=0.001).
- A linear relationship was observed between increasing DII and the propensity for severe coronary lesions (P overall=0.003).
Conclusions:
- Elevated DII scores are correlated with a greater likelihood and severity of CAD.
- Adopting an anti-inflammatory diet may offer benefits for CAD management.
- Further prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings and explore causality.
Background:
Chronic inflammation is a contributing factor to the onset and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). In our study, we aimed to explore the correlation between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score and CAD severity.
Methods:
A case‒control study was performed comprising 214 patients exhibiting stable angina and a comparison group of 214 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. A semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate dietary intake, and coronary severity was determined by the Gensini score.
Results:
Participants with DIIs in the highest tertile had a greater propensity for CAD than those with DIIs in the lowest tertile, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.50 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.79-6.85). After accounting for potential confounding factors, individuals in the highest DII tertile demonstrated an increased likelihood of severe CAD compared with those in the lowest tertile, with an OR of 4.09 (95% CI: 1.80-9.28, P trend = 0.001). Additionally, the propensity for severe coronary lesions increased linearly with increasing DII (P overall = 0.003, P nonlinear = 0.150).
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that higher DIIs are related to an elevated likelihood and severity of CAD. Taken together, these findings suggest that an anti-inflammatory diet may be beneficial in managing CAD. However, well-designed prospective studies in different populations are still needed to validate these findings and explore the potential causal relationship between dietary inflammation and CAD.
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