Gate-Tunable Te-WSe₂ Heterojunction Diodes for Polarization Detection and Logic Operation Application

The integration of multidimensional optical sensing and computing within a single device is critical for next-generation optoelectronics but remains challenging due to material limitations and complex architectures. 2D van der Waals heterostructures(vdWHs) offer a promising platform for such multifunctionality. Here, a gate-tunable Te-WSe₂ heterojunction device is demonstrated that simultaneously achieves high-performance polarization-sensitive photodetection and reconfigurable multimode optoelectronic logic operations. By exploiting the strong in-plane anisotropy of Te and the gate-tunable band alignment at the heterointerface, the device exhibits a widely adjustable rectification ratio exceeding 10⁵, a high responsivity of 667.9 mA W^-1, and a gate-tunable polarization anisotropy ratio(AR) from 1.27 to 17.8. Operating in a photovoltaic mode, the device achieves a specific detectivity over 10¹¹ Jones and a fast response time of ≈25 µs. Furthermore, secure optical communication and multimode logic gates are demonstrated, where optical and electrical inputs are programmatically processed to execute encryption and Boolean operations. This work overcomes key limitations in polarization photodetection and provides a pathway toward compact, intelligent optoelectronic systems for advanced information processing.