Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
10:03

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: June 27, 2025

662

Clinical features and gut microbiota alterations in hypertensive individuals with left ventricular hypertrophy

Liang Cai1, Guo-Qiang Liu1, Chun-Mei Zeng2,3

  • 1Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|November 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is linked to distinct metabolic changes and gut microbiome alterations. Identifying these gut microbiota biomarkers can aid in managing hypertension and preventing organ damage.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease.
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication of hypertension, indicating target organ damage.
  • Gut microbiota alterations are increasingly recognized as contributing factors in various diseases, including cardiovascular conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for hypertension with LVH.
  • To characterize the clinical features and gut microbiota profiles associated with hypertension and LVH.
  • To explore the relationship between gut microbiota composition and metabolic abnormalities in hypertensive patients with LVH.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of participants into three groups: hypertrophy (hypertension with LVH), non-hypertrophy (hypertension without LVH), and healthy controls.
  • Recording of clinical parameters including body mass index (BMI), uric acid, triglycerides, homocysteine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  • Analysis of fecal samples for gut microbial diversity, abundance, and distribution at different taxonomic levels (phylum, genus, species).

Main Results:

  • Patients with hypertension and LVH showed elevated BMI, uric acid, triglycerides, homocysteine, and γ-glutamyl transferase, with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  • A significant reduction in Actinobacteria abundance was observed in the LVH group compared to controls.
  • The genus *Blautia* was enriched, and *Streptococcus equinus* was more abundant in patients with LVH. Gut microbiota markers demonstrated good diagnostic potential for LVH.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension with LVH is associated with specific metabolic disturbances and altered gut microbiota composition.
  • Gut microbiota alterations, including changes in specific genera and species, may serve as potential biomarkers for hypertension-related target organ damage.
  • These findings suggest novel avenues for the prevention and management of LVH in hypertensive individuals through modulation of the gut microbiome.
Abstract

Keywords:
clinical indicatorsgut microbiotahigh-throughput sequencinghypertensionleft ventricular hypertrophy

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricle Function in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension07:38

Comprehensive Echocardiographic Assessment of Right Ventricle Function in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: January 20, 2023

4.5K
Biventricular Assessment of Cardiac Function and Pressure-Volume Loops by Closed-Chest Catheterization in Mice08:21

Biventricular Assessment of Cardiac Function and Pressure-Volume Loops by Closed-Chest Catheterization in Mice

Published on: June 15, 2020

4.8K

Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
374
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
443
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
685
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
708
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
382
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
676