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Published on: June 4, 2017
Allergen characterization in childhood asthma: a retrospective cohort study in China
Chong Hu1,2, Qin Dong1,2, Yanzi Zhang1,2
1Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Insights
This study identified common allergens in Chinese children with asthma, finding house dust mites most prevalent. Results aid in personalized asthma management and prevention strategies for better child health.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Childhood asthma cases are rising globally, necessitating regional allergen identification.
- Accurate allergen profiling is crucial for precise asthma management in pediatric populations.
- This research focuses on understanding sensitization patterns in Chinese children with asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify specific allergen sensitization patterns in Chinese children diagnosed with bronchial asthma.
- To provide data for developing standardized and personalized models for childhood asthma diagnosis and treatment.
- To contribute to the prevention and management of childhood asthma in the region.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study design involving 6,785 pediatric asthma patients from January 2018 to January 2025.
- Serum specific IgE (sIgE) testing for 19 types of inhalant and food allergens.
- Analysis of sensitization patterns based on age groups and allergen types.
Main Results:
- House dust mites (HDMs) showed the highest sensitization rate (52.99%), followed by molds and dog dander.
- Among food allergens, egg white (32.45%), milk, and beef were most common.
- Inhaled allergens were more prevalent in older children (≥3 years), while food allergens were more common in younger children (0-3 years).
- Multi-allergen sensitization, particularly involving HDMs, was the most frequent profile.
Conclusions:
- Findings support a shift from experience-based to standardized, personalized asthma care based on precise allergen distribution.
- Identifying regional allergens like HDMs can significantly reduce asthma attacks and improve children's quality of life.
- This research holds practical and clinical significance for enhancing childhood asthma prevention and treatment in China.
Background:
The increasing cases of asthma in children around the world necessitate the profiling of regional specific allergens to manage it precisely. This research study identifies the sensitization patterns of Chinese children with asthma and the necessity of its undertaking for the prevention of this chronic respiratory illness that is prevalent in children.
Methods:
We selected and included 6,785 pediatric patients with a clinical diagnosis of bronchial asthma at the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University from January 2018 to January 2025 with the cohort study design. Serum specific IgE (sIgE) was tested in all patients for 19 types of inhalant and food allergens.
Results:
In this study, house dust mites (HDMs) (52.99%) had the highest positive rate of, followed by molds (31.98%) and dog dander (28.17%). Food allergens that had the highest positive rates were egg white (32.45%), milk (19.96%) and beef (16.32%). The positive rate of the food allergens was higher in the 0-1 year-old group and the 1-3 year-old group compared to the inhaled allergens. On the other hand, inhaled allergens were more frequently positive than food allergens among children aged 3 to 6 years, 6 to 12 years, and over 12 years, with some of the differences being statistically significant. The positive rates of inhaled allergens were higher than those of food allergens in all months in terms of monthly distribution. Multi-allergen sensitization, in particular, the linking of HDMs with other allergens, was the most common sensitization profile identified in this study.
Conclusion:
The results of this study will be of great use in the transformation of experience-based diagnosis and treatment of childhood asthma into a standardized and personalized model on the basis of precise distribution of allergen. The change will reduce the occurrence of asthma attacks, enhance the quality of life of children and have much practical and clinical significance associated with the enhancement of the prevention and treatment of childhood asthma in the region.
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