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Engaging and supporting Community Researchers in Low and Middle-Income Countries:  An Integrative Review.

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Summary

Community researchers (CRs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face ethical concerns and strain, despite benefits like improved data. Strengthening support and fair compensation is crucial for equitable community-engaged research.

Keywords:
BarriersCommunity ResearchersExperiencesFacilitatorsLow-Middle-Income CountriesPeer ResearchersSystematic Review

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health Research
  • Community-Based Participatory Research
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Community researchers (CRs) play a vital role in research within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
  • Previous syntheses have not comprehensively addressed CR recruitment, training, support, and experiences in LMICs.
  • This review addresses an original gap in the evidence base regarding CR involvement in LMIC research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the recruitment, training, and support of CRs in LMIC research settings.
  • To identify facilitators, challenges, and impacts associated with CR involvement.
  • To explore the lived experiences of CRs conducting research in LMICs.

Main Methods:

  • An integrative systematic review of primary research studies from LMICs, regardless of design or language.
  • Searches conducted across seven databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, Web of Science, Global Index Medicus) without date or language limits.
  • Qualitative synthesis using a reflexive thematic approach, with quality assessment via the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).

Main Results:

  • Thirty-nine papers reporting 27 studies were included, with most studies demonstrating good quality (≥80% MMAT score).
  • Engaging CRs offers benefits such as improved access to marginalized groups, reduced power imbalances, and culturally informed data.
  • Significant challenges include ethical concerns, emotional strain, and inequitable compensation, exacerbated by structural inequalities and limited resources in LMICs.

Conclusions:

  • Ethical and inclusive approaches to CR involvement are necessary, prioritizing attribute-based recruitment, comprehensive training, ongoing support, and fair remuneration.
  • Structures must be implemented to protect CRs' wellbeing and minimize harm.
  • Strengthening these practices is essential for enhancing data quality and ensuring community-engaged research yields meaningful and equitable benefits.