Next-generation borophene nanostructures for dual-domain sensing: from structural optimisation to biomedical and...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Chemistry

Background:

• Borophene, a 2D boron material, rivals graphene with unique electronic and structural properties.
• Borophene nanostructures (nanosheets, quantum dots, nanocomposites) are key to advanced sensing.
• These materials offer high charge carrier mobility, tunable bandgaps, and catalytic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review synthesis, structural evolution, and functional tuning of borophene nanostructures for sensing.
• To explore surface engineering strategies (doping, functionalization, hybridization) for enhanced sensing.
• To examine sensing mechanisms and compare borophene nanostructures with conventional 2D materials.

Main Methods:

• Critical examination of synthesis and structural evolution of borophene nanostructures.
• Analysis of surface engineering techniques for performance enhancement.
• Exploration of fluorescence, colorimetric, and electrochemical sensing mechanisms.

Main Results:

• Borophene nanostructures exhibit remarkable plasmonic, optical, and enzyme-mimetic properties.
• These materials enable ultra-sensitive and selective detection of biomolecules and pollutants.
• Borophene-based nanozymes show promise in catalytic biosensing.

Conclusions:

• Borophene nanostructures offer significant advantages over conventional 2D materials for sensing.
• Surface engineering is crucial for optimizing borophene-based sensors.
• Borophene holds transformative potential for next-generation multifunctional sensing technologies.