Physical activity interventions in women treated for endometrial cancer: a scoping review

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer, with rising incidence contributing to a growing population at risk of long-term health issues post-treatment. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality, yet physical activity engagement is low due to physiological and psychosocial barriers. Although guidelines recommend physical activity after cancer, no reviews have synthesised interventions supporting uptake in women treated for endometrial cancer. This review addresses the gap.

A mixed-methods scoping review was conducted. Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, PEDro, EThOS, and PsycInfo were systematically searched for studies published from January 2011 to October 2024. Eligible studies recruited adults post-treatment for endometrial cancer and reported interventions supporting physical activity.

Twenty-two papers describing 12 interventions met inclusion criteria. Six (50%) focused on physical activity only, three (25%) combined diet and physical activity, and three (25%) were multicomponent interventions incorporating diet, physical activity, and additional elements such as mindfulness. Most studies were USA-based (77%). One powered RCT and nine pilot or feasibility trials were included. The RCT reported a significant increase in total physical activity minutes post-intervention. Most studies reported improvements in quality of life, physical function, and self-efficacy. Adherence ranged from 36% to 86%, facilitated by social interaction and hindered by pain, fatigue, and caregiving responsibilities.

Early-stage evidence suggests physical activity interventions are feasible in this population.

Even modest increases in physical activity may improve quality of life. Future research should integrate co-design, cultural adaptation, and tailoring interventions to baseline mental health, BMI, and activity levels.