Maternal allergy and neonatal RSV infection synergize via FcR-mediated allergen uptake to promote the development of asthma in early life
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Infants born to asthmatic parents and infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have higher asthma risk. Maternal allergy and early RSV infection are key, preventable asthma risk factors.
Area Of Science
- Immunology
- Allergy Research
- Pediatric Respiratory Diseases
Background
- Asthma development involves complex genetic and environmental interactions.
- Infants hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and born to asthmatic parents show increased asthma risk.
- Understanding the mechanisms behind this increased risk is crucial for prevention.
Purpose Of The Study
- To model the interaction between neonatal viral infection and parental allergy in asthma development.
- To investigate the role of maternal allergy and vertical transmission of immune factors.
- To identify potential preventive strategies against asthma.
Main Methods
- Neonatal mice were infected with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), an RSV analog, followed by house dust mite (HDM) exposure.
- Maternal and paternal HDM allergy models were used to assess disease impact.
- Fc receptor (FcR) expression, dendritic cell maturation, and T helper 2 (T<sub>H</sub>2) cell priming were analyzed.
- The effect of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunoprophylaxis was evaluated.
Main Results
- Neonatal PVM infection followed by HDM exposure amplified type 2 inflammation and induced asthma-like pathology in mice.
- Maternal, but not paternal, HDM allergy exacerbated the disease, suggesting vertical transmission of immune risk factors.
- Neonatal viral infection upregulated Fc receptors (FcRs) and promoted type 2 conventional dendritic cell (cDC2) maturation.
- Maternal allergen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) transfer via neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) enhanced Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)-mediated allergen uptake and T<sub>H</sub>2 cell priming.
- Preventive RSV immunoprophylaxis effectively blocked asthma development in this model.
Conclusions
- Maternal allergy and neonatal RSV infection are converging, Fc receptor-dependent risk factors for asthma.
- Vertical transmission of maternal allergen-specific IgG plays a critical role in enhancing allergic sensitization.
- Asthma development in this context is preventable through immunoprophylaxis, highlighting a potential therapeutic strategy.
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