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Correlation between anti-Müllerian hormone, hypertension and vascular age: the Generation R Study, a population-based

R H M Dykgraaf1, S Schalekamp-Timmermans2, S A A van den Berg3

  • 1Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Maturitas
|November 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Low anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are linked to a higher risk of hypertension and accelerated vascular aging in women. This suggests AMH may predict cardiovascular disease risk, prompting early preventive measures.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a key indicator of ovarian reserve.
  • Vascular aging and hypertension are significant public health concerns.
  • The relationship between AMH levels and cardiovascular health markers requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and the risk of developing hypertension.
  • To explore the link between AMH levels and vascular aging, using carotid artery intima-medial thickness (CIMT) as a proxy.
  • To analyze these relationships within a large, population-based prospective cohort.

Main Methods:

  • The study utilized data from the Generation R Study, a prospective cohort in Rotterdam, Netherlands.
  • Associations between AMH levels and hypertension were analyzed in 4,883 women.
  • Vascular age was assessed using CIMT measurements in 3,508 women, correlating it with AMH levels.

Main Results:

  • Lower AMH percentiles were significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension.
  • Women in the lowest AMH percentile (p90).
  • Vascular age was substantially older than chronological age in women with low AMH levels, indicating accelerated vascular aging.

Conclusions:

  • Low AMH levels, independent of age, are associated with hypertension and indicators of vascular alterations.
  • Diminished ovarian reserve may signal increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.
  • AMH could potentially serve as an early predictive marker for cardiovascular disease, warranting counseling on preventive measures for women with low AMH.
Abstract

Keywords:
AMHCarotid artery intima-medial thickness (CIMT)HypertensionOvarian reserveVascular age

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