Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, validation and reliability of Western ontario rotator cuff index in Punjabi...

The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index serves as a self-assessment instrument for rotator cuff issue patients. It was first created in English before being translated into numerous other languages to gauge its applicability in various cultural contexts. The research seeks to determine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire with Punjabi adaptations among rotator cuff tendinopathy patients following linguistic translation and cultural adjustment.

After receiving consent from the scale's original developer, the translation adhered to Beaton's Guidelines, which included forward and backward translation by two evaluators. Thirty people participated in Cultural Adaptation and gave input on how clear the scale was. Validation process including the Content validation through Delphi method, involving 10 experts over 5 years of experience and Concurrent validation by comparing the P-WORC with another validated outcome measure. Reliability testing involving 51 patients.

Content validation via the Delphi method confirmed strong validity, with most items receiving 100 % positive responses. Cultural adaptation demonstrated high comprehension among participants. The study's findings on the Punjabi version of the WORC demonstrated strong content validity (Scale CVI = 0.98) and concurrent validity with both the DASH and the English WORC. Reliability testing revealed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.999) and interclass correlation (ICC = 0.99).

The Punjabi version of the WORC (P-WORC) is a valid and reliable outcome measure that shows remarkable validity and reliability for assessing the quality of life of patients with rotator cuff indices.