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Paraneoplastic Syndromes.

Ananya Mukundan1, Lucia Sobrin1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paraneoplastic syndromes can cause intraocular inflammation mimicking uveitis. Early recognition of these rare conditions, like cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR), is crucial for timely cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
Diagnostic criteriamasquerade syndromesmultimodal imagingparaneoplastic syndromesuveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Paraneoplastic syndromes are rare causes of intraocular inflammation.
  • They can mimic primary uveitic conditions, leading to diagnostic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of paraneoplastic retinopathies and uveitic presentations.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing these conditions for accurate diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the eye.
  • Highlighting clinical presentations, diagnostic tools, and differential diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • Spectrum includes cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR), melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR), CRMP5-IgG variants, AEPPVM, and BDUMP.
  • Paraneoplastic uveitis can mimic Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-like disease or sarcoid-like uveitis.

Conclusions:

  • Ancillary tests like ERG, visual fields, and multimodal imaging aid in distinguishing paraneoplastic syndromes from uveitis.
  • Recognizing these masquerading entities is essential for avoiding misdiagnosis, guiding treatment, and prompting cancer evaluation.