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P1-like phage-plasmids drive blaCTX-M-27 transmission through lysogenic conversion and transposition

Zengfeng Zhang1, Chunlei Shi1

  • 1MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, School of Agriculture and Biology, and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
|November 29, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

P1-like phage-plasmids carrying the blaCTX-M-27 gene transfer antimicrobial resistance via transposition within hosts. Lysogenic conversion by these elements aids spread between species, revealing their role in ARG dissemination.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • P1-like phage-plasmids (PPs) are hybrid mobile genetic elements combining phage and plasmid characteristics.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) transfer mediated by PPs is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the transfer mechanisms of the ARG blaCTX-M-27 mediated by P1-like PPs in Salmonella Indiana.
  • To investigate the role of P1-like PPs in the dissemination of ARGs.

Main Methods:

  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and phylogenomic analysis of S. Indiana isolates.
  • Conjugation, lytic infection, lysogenic conversion, and transmission electron microscopy assays.
  • Transposition assays and genome walking to analyze Tn1722 derivatives and their insertion sites.

Main Results:

  • Six of nine S. Indiana isolates carrying P1 elements harbored the blaCTX-M-27 gene, associated with P1-like PPs.
  • The P1-like PP p14076B, lacking conjugative capability, carried a Tn1722 derivative with blaCTX-M-27 and facilitated infection via lysogenic conversion.
  • Transposition assays confirmed Tn1722-mediated blaCTX-M-27 transfer, influenced by the tnpA gene and insertion site characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The Tn1722 derivative mediates intra-host transfer of blaCTX-M-27 via transposition.
  • Lysogenic conversion by P1-like PPs facilitates inter-species dissemination of ARGs.
  • P1-like PPs play a significant role in the spread of ARGs, necessitating further study.
Keywords:
Lysogenic conversionP1-like phage-plasmidsTn1722 derivativeTranspositionbla(CTX-M-27)

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