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Related Concept Videos

Entropy02:39

Entropy

34.8K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
34.8K
Entropy01:18

Entropy

3.4K
The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
3.4K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics01:14

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

6.6K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Scientists refer to the measure of randomness or disorder within a system as entropy. High entropy means high disorder and low energy. To better understand entropy, think of a student’s bedroom. If no energy or work were put into it, the room would quickly become messy. It would exist in a very disordered state, one of high entropy. Energy must be...
6.6K
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

4.7K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
4.7K
Entropy within the Cell01:22

Entropy within the Cell

12.6K
A living cell's primary tasks of obtaining, transforming, and using energy to do work may seem simple. However, the second law of thermodynamics explains why these tasks are harder than they appear. None of the energy transfers in the universe are completely efficient. In every energy transfer, some amount of energy is lost in a form that is unusable. In most cases, this form is heat energy. Thermodynamically, heat energy is defined as the energy transferred from one system to another that...
12.6K
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

21.5K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
21.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
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Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

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Entropic order.

Yiqiu Han1, Xiaoyang Huang1, Zohar Komargodski2

  • 1Department of Physics and Center for Theory of Quantum Matter, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.

Nature Communications
|November 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate novel models where ordered phases of matter, like superfluids, persist at high temperatures. This "entropic order" challenges conventional understanding and offers potential for high-temperature superconductivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems

Background:

  • Ordered phases of matter conventionally require low temperatures.
  • Existing theories present no-go theorems against high-temperature long-range order or entanglement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present explicit local models where ordered phases persist at arbitrarily high temperatures.
  • To challenge the conventional understanding of temperature-dependent phase ordering.
  • To propose a model for high-temperature superconductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of explicit local models using interacting bosons.
  • Exploitation of "entropic order" where fluctuations in one degree of freedom enable ordering in others.
  • Circumvention of existing no-go theorems.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of ordered phases (solids, ferromagnets, superfluids, quantum topological order) persisting to arbitrarily high temperatures.
  • Identification of a mechanism termed "entropic order" where high energy states are ordered.
  • Avoidance of established theoretical limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Ordered phases can exist at high temperatures, contrary to conventional wisdom.
  • Entropic order provides a pathway to overcome temperature limitations in phase ordering.
  • The principles offer a potential model for high-temperature superconductivity.