Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

10.9K

Picornavirus VP2 protein suppresses innate immunity through selective autophagic degradation of IKBKE/IKKε

Kangli Li1,2, Xiangle Zhang1,2, Dandan Dong1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.

Autophagy
|November 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Senecavirus A protein VP2 suppresses innate immunity by degrading IKBKE/IKKε via the RNF114-CALCOCO2 pathway. This conserved picornavirus mechanism aids immune evasion and informs oncolytic virus and vaccine development.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Oncolytic Virotherapy

Background:

  • Senecavirus A (SVA) is a picornavirus with potential for oncolytic virotherapy.
  • Understanding SVA's immune suppression is crucial for optimizing its therapeutic use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the viral immune suppressive factors of SVA.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which SVA suppresses host innate immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Co-immunoprecipitation assays to identify protein interactions.
  • Western blotting and RT-PCR to assess protein degradation and gene expression.
  • siRNA-mediated knockdown to investigate the roles of specific proteins.

Main Results:

  • SVA structural protein VP2 was identified as a key immune suppressive factor.
  • VP2 targets IKBKE/IKKε for degradation through interaction with CALCOCO2/NDP52 and promotion of RNF114-mediated ubiquitination.
  • This VP2-RNF114-IKBKE/IKKε-CALCOCO2 axis suppresses host innate immune responses.
  • The mechanism is conserved among picornaviruses.

Conclusions:

  • SVA VP2 employs a novel immune evasion strategy by degrading IKBKE/IKKε.
  • This mechanism is conserved across picornaviruses, highlighting a common immune suppression pathway.
  • Findings provide insights for developing SVA-based oncolytic viruses, vaccines, and antiviral therapies.
Keywords:
AutophagyCALCOCO2/NDP52RNF114VP2 proteininnate immune responsepicornavirus

More Related Videos

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells09:10

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: October 28, 2019

7.7K
Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection09:25

Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection

Published on: May 24, 2020

5.6K

Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
1.6K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
9.7K
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.6K
The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR

CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
577
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
4.3K
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
18.6K