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Long-range temporal correlations in violence and psychosis: An EEG-based study.

Nina Bang¹, Merete Berg Nesset², Kirsten Rasmussen³

¹St.Olavs Hospital, Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry Security, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, Mosjøen, Norway.

Journal of Psychiatric Research

|November 30, 2025

Summary

Long-range temporal correlations (LRTC) in electroencephalography (EEG) were reduced in individuals with psychosis but did not predict violence risk. These neural dynamics may not serve as a reliable marker for violence propensity in psychosis.

Keywords:

EEG Long-range temporal correlations (LRTC)Schizophrenia Violence

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

A subset of individuals with psychosis exhibit elevated violence risk.
The relationship between neural dynamics, specifically long-range temporal correlations (LRTC) in electroencephalography (EEG), and violence risk in psychosis is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether LRTC in resting-state EEG differentiates individuals with psychosis based on violence history.
To explore the association between LRTC and symptom severity in psychosis.

Main Methods:

Resting-state EEG data were collected from healthy controls (HC), individuals with psychosis with a history of violence (violent-PSY), individuals with psychosis without a history of violence (nonviolent-PSY), and violent individuals without psychosis (violent non-PSY).
LRTC was quantified using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) in alpha and beta frequency bands during eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions.
Eight LRTC metrics were derived from mean and peak amplitudes for both bands and conditions.

Main Results:

Eyes-open condition LRTC did not differ significantly across groups.
Eyes-closed condition showed significantly reduced LRTC in the nonviolent-PSY group compared to HC for alpha and beta mean/peak amplitudes.
No significant differences in LRTC were found between violent-PSY and nonviolent-PSY groups.
Lower alpha-band LRTC correlated with increased symptom severity, including total PANSS and depressive scores.

Conclusions:

Reduced LRTC in the eyes-closed condition was observed in nonviolent psychosis patients compared to controls.
LRTC did not differentiate psychosis patients with or without a violence history.
Current findings offer limited evidence for LRTC as a predictor of violence risk in psychosis.