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Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
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Protocol for Studying Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Naturally Cycling Female Rats
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Mitigating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Risk Through Gender-Sensitive Trauma-Informed Care in the Emergency

Sydney E Larsen1, JeTaury I M Davis2, Nicholas Murphy3

  • 1School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|November 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Trauma-informed care (TIC) in emergency departments (EDs) can reduce post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk. Gender-sensitive TIC approaches, especially for women, improve psychological safety and connect patients to mental health services.

Keywords:
PTSDgender differencespsychiatrytrauma-informed care

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Psychiatry
  • Trauma Care

Background:

  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant cause of long-term morbidity following trauma.
  • Emergency departments (EDs) are crucial for early intervention to mitigate PTSD risk.
  • Women exhibit higher PTSD incidence and distinct symptom patterns, necessitating gender-specific care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review gender-related differences in early trauma responses.
  • To examine trauma-informed care (TIC) practices feasible in ED settings.
  • To explore pathways connecting ED care to psychiatric and outpatient follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review was conducted.
  • Searches included PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Open Evidence.
  • Focus on adult trauma patients in EDs, gender-specific outcomes, and interventions within the last 15 years.

Main Results:

  • Women often present with hyperarousal and interpersonal violence trauma; men with dissociation and delayed help-seeking.
  • Universal micro-practices like consent and privacy enhance safety, particularly for women.
  • Screeners, EHR prompts, clinician training, and psychiatric consultation aid early detection without disrupting workflow.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating gender-sensitive TIC into ED workflows identifies PTSD risk and reduces re-traumatization.
  • Practical communication, screening, and referral pathways empower clinicians to manage PTSD sequelae.
  • Tailored ED interventions are vital for diverse trauma populations.