Association between temperature and respiratory hospitalizations: Do temperature data sources and exposure
Desheng Zhao1, Wenjun Cheng2, Zien Jin3
1Department of Medical Administration, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Abstract:
Extreme temperature is a risk factor for respiratory disease (RD). However, previous studies have employed various approaches to measuring temperature exposure, including different data sources (e.g., weather stations or predicted grid weather maps) and exposure metrics (e.g., population-weighted or regionally averaged values). This methodological heterogeneity may introduce uncertainty into health impact assessment. This study aimed to systematically compare the associations between temperature and RD hospitalizations using different approaches to measuring temperature exposure. We used a time-stratified case-crossover design to examine the exposure-response (E-R) association between daily mean temperature and 13217 RD hospitalizations in Hefei (China) from 2018 to 2019. Temperature exposure was measured using: (1) temperatures from the closest weather station and high-resolution temperature grid; (2) city-averaged temperatures based on all weather stations and high-resolution temperature grids; and (3) temperatures weighted by population of each district or county or geocoded temperatures (i.e., latitude and longitude of current residence) based on high-resolution temperature grids. All approaches to measuring temperature exposure consistently showed a comparable association between temperature and RD hospitalizations. Specifically, the fitted E-R model of temperature did not show statistically significant differences across temperature data sources and exposure measurements (p > 0.05). Moreover, the fraction of RD hospitalizations attributable to temperature was also similar. Results for the same subgroup stratified by sex, age, and disease cause also showed similarity across different temperature exposure measurement approaches. Temperature data from either weather station or high-resolution grid products as well as single or complex exposure measurements can be used to achieve a reliable assessment of the impact of temperature on RD hospitalizations. Nevertheless, our findings need to be confirmed in other regions and health outcomes.
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