Digital health integration in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health burden characterized by progressive renal dysfunction, high comorbidity rates, and substantial healthcare costs. Digital health technologies, including telemedicine, wearable biosensors, mobile health applications, and AI-driven decision support systems, offer transformative potential for improving CKD management across the care continuum. This review synthesizes current evidence on digital health integration in CKD, highlighting its role in early detection, remote monitoring, patient self-management, and personalized therapeutic interventions. Mechanistically, digital platforms enable real-time tracking of renal biomarkers, blood pressure, and medication adherence while facilitating predictive analytics for risk stratification and disease progression. Integration with electronic health records and interoperability standards further enhances multidisciplinary coordination and data-driven care. Despite promising outcomes in pilot studies and clinical trials, challenges remain in terms of scalability, data privacy, digital literacy, and regulatory compliance. Future directions include the development of interoperable, patient-centric digital ecosystems and validation through multicenter trials. Digital health integration represents a paradigm shift toward proactive, precision nephrology, with the potential to mitigate CKD burden and improve patient outcomes.