Surgical stabilization of craniocervical junction abnormalities in two cats

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Neurology
• Comparative Orthopedic Surgery
• Feline Medicine

Background:

• Craniocervical junction abnormalities (CJAs) present with severe neurological deficits in cats, including tetraplegia and ataxia.
• Diagnosis of CJAs typically involves advanced imaging like MRI and CT scans.
• Surgical intervention for CJAs in felines is uncommon but potentially beneficial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of surgical stabilization for craniocervical junction abnormalities in two cats.
• To assess the outcomes of using patient-specific titanium atlantoaxial fixation systems.
• To determine the feasibility of custom implants for treating feline CJAs.

Main Methods:

• Two cats with clinical signs of tetraplegia/ataxia and cerebellar dysfunction underwent diagnostic imaging (radiographs, CT, MRI).
• Surgical stabilization was performed using custom-designed titanium atlantoaxial (AA) fixation plates and drill guides.
• In one case, decompression by removing bone compressing the cerebellum was also performed alongside AA fixation.

Main Results:

• Post-operative repositioning and fixation of the AA joint led to improved gait and limb function in both cats.
• Cerebellar signs, such as ataxia and incoordination, persisted despite surgical correction.
• The custom titanium fixation system was successfully implemented in both feline patients.

Conclusions:

• Surgical stabilization using custom titanium implants is a feasible treatment option for feline craniocervical junction abnormalities.
• While improving motor function, surgical intervention may not fully resolve all neurological deficits, particularly cerebellar signs.
• Further investigation into CJAs and surgical outcomes in cats is warranted.