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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency
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Genetic diversity, codon usage, and evolutionary dynamics of bovine parainfluenza virus type-3

Jiayu Bi1, Kai Li2, Qingxia Ma1

  • 1Animal Hospital, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China.

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science
|November 30, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Keywords:
bovine parainfluenza virus type-3codon usage preferencesubtype C

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