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Spectroscopy and Ground-State Transfer of Ultracold Bosonic  ^{39}K^{133}Cs Molecules.

Krzysztof P Zamarski1, Charly Beulenkamp1, Yi Zeng1

  • 1Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Experimentalphysik und Zentrum für Quantenphysik, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

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Researchers created ultracold potassium-cesium (39K133Cs) molecules in their ground state using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. This breakthrough enables new studies of quantum matter with dipolar interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Ultracold atoms and molecules
  • Quantum physics
  • Molecular spectroscopy

Background:

  • Ultracold molecules are crucial for studying quantum phenomena.
  • Creating ground-state molecules is challenging but essential for quantum simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create ultracold samples of 39K133Cs molecules in their rovibrational ground state.
  • To investigate pathways for efficient molecule creation.
  • To explore the potential of these molecules for quantum matter research.

Main Methods:

  • One- and two-photon spectroscopy to identify excited states.
  • Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) for molecule creation.
  • Laser cooling techniques to achieve microkelvin temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created ultracold 39K133Cs molecules in the ground state.
  • Achieved sample sizes of up to 3500 molecules at 1 μK.
  • Demonstrated a one-way creation efficiency of 71%.
  • Identified a near-universal two-body loss process limiting sample lifetime.

Conclusions:

  • This work establishes a new molecular species for quantum matter research.
  • The identified loss mechanism may provide insights into similar processes in other molecular systems.
  • The creation of these ground-state molecules opens avenues for exploring dipolar quantum gases.