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Bioremediation

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Engineering Adherent Bacteria by Creating a Single Synthetic Curli Operon

Engineering Adherent Bacteria by Creating a Single Synthetic Curli Operon

Published on: November 16, 2012

Bio-elimination of Chromium Using Bacillus Cereus Strains Isolated from Activated Sludge.

Mohammed El Behery^1,2, Enas Ibrahim Allam³, N Hassan⁴

¹The Division of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt. elbehery@sci.psu.edu.eg.

Current Microbiology

|November 30, 2025

Summary

This study explored Bacillus cereus bacteria for hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] bioremediation. Certain strains effectively accumulate and reduce toxic Cr(VI), offering eco-friendly pollution control solutions.

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Bioprospecting of Extremophilic Microorganisms to Address Environmental Pollution

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Last Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Engineering Adherent Bacteria by Creating a Single Synthetic Curli Operon

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Published on: November 16, 2012

Development of Sulfidogenic Sludge from Marine Sediments and Trichloroethylene Reduction in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

Development of Sulfidogenic Sludge from Marine Sediments and Trichloroethylene Reduction in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor

Published on: October 15, 2015

Bioprospecting of Extremophilic Microorganisms to Address Environmental Pollution

Bioprospecting of Extremophilic Microorganisms to Address Environmental Pollution

Published on: December 30, 2021

Area of Science:

Environmental Microbiology
Bioremediation
Toxicology

Background:

Industrial activities cause significant heavy metal pollution, with hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] posing severe toxicity and carcinogenicity risks.
Heavy-metal-resistant bacteria offer a sustainable, cost-effective alternative to conventional remediation methods for environmental cleanup.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize chromium-resistant bacteria from activated sludge.
To evaluate the Cr(VI) detoxification mechanisms, accumulation, and reduction efficiencies of isolated strains.
To determine the influence of environmental factors (pH, metal concentration, contact time) on bacterial Cr(VI) remediation.

Main Methods:

Isolation of Cr(VI)-resistant bacteria from activated sludge.
Determination of maximum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Cr(VI).
Analysis of Cr(VI) accumulation and reduction efficiencies using TEM, EDX, and FTIR.

Main Results:

Three Bacillus cereus strains (A, B, C) with an 800 mg/L Cr(VI) MIC were identified.
Strain A demonstrated the highest Cr(VI) accumulation (48.8%) and overall detoxification (69.81%).
Strain B showed the highest reduction efficiency (24% in 30 min); bioaccumulation peaked at pH 7, while reduction favored acidic conditions.

Conclusions:

Bacillus cereus strains exhibit significant potential for Cr(VI) bioremediation.
Strain-specific detoxification mechanisms involve surface interactions and intracellular/spore sequestration.
Optimizing environmental conditions like pH is crucial for enhancing bacterial Cr(VI) remediation efficacy.