Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular MRI: From Imaging to Biomechanics and Diagnosis

In this review, we highlight how artificial intelligence, specifically deep learning, is reshaping every aspect of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: from planning and acquisition to reconstruction, analysis, and clinical report generation. We first introduce core machine learning paradigms and concepts, then survey recent deep learning advances to automate and enhance multiple aspects of MRI. We highlight the range of recent advances to provide a conceptual understanding of how the field has rapidly evolved in the last 10 years, enabling improvements in acquisition speed, spatial resolution, suppression of artifacts, and correction for motion. Automation of postprocessing is providing us a deeper look into detailed analysis of regional cardiac function and measurement of hemodynamics, and a greater ability to automatically integrate interpretation with nonimaging clinical data to support prognostication and management. Advances in artificial intelligence will continue to shape our practice of clinical cardiovascular MRI to provide greater efficiency and enrich our ability to guide the management of patients with cardiovascular disease.