Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electric Potential Energy in a Uniform Electric Field01:09

Electric Potential Energy in a Uniform Electric Field

5.9K
When an electric field accelerates a free positive charge, it acquires kinetic energy. This process is analogous to an object being accelerated by a gravitational field as if the charge were going down an electrical hill where its electric potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, although, of course, the sources of the forces are very different. The electrostatic or Coulomb force acting on the positive test charge is conservative, which means that the work done on a test charge is...
5.9K
Electric Potential and Potential Difference01:16

Electric Potential and Potential Difference

5.3K
Suppose a positive test charge moves away from a positive static charge, then the Coulomb force does positive work, and its electric potential energy decreases. The potential energy per unit charge is defined as the electric potential. The electric potential is independent of the test charge.
When a test charge moves from the initial to the final position, the electric potential difference between those positions is defined as the ratio of the change in the potential energy to the charge on the...
5.3K
Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential01:12

Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential

4.6K
The electric field and electric potential are related to each other. If the electric field at various points in the region of interest is known, it can be used to calculate the electric potential difference between any two points. Similarly, if the electric potential is known for various points, then it is possible to calculate the electric field.
In general, regardless of whether the electric field is uniform, it points in the direction of decreasing potential because the force on a positive...
4.6K
Comparison Between Electrical And Gravitational Forces01:24

Comparison Between Electrical And Gravitational Forces

3.5K
There are four fundamental forces in nature: the gravitational force, the electromagnetic force, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force. To compare the numerical strengths of the first two, take two particles of the same kind. Since electrons are fundamental particles, they are a good example.
Since both are inverse square law forces, the distance gets canceled when the ratio of the two forces is considered. Instead, the ratio of the electrical and gravitational forces depends on...
3.5K
Frictional Forces on Flat Belts01:28

Frictional Forces on Flat Belts

1.8K
Flat belts are commonly used in various industrial applications for transmitting power from one pulley to another. When a flat belt is wrapped around a set of pulleys, it experiences different tensions at the driving pulley ends due to the friction between the belt and pulley surface. When the pulley moves in a counterclockwise direction, the tension T2 on the opposite side of the pulley where the belt is moving away from is higher than the tension T1 on the side where the belt is moving...
1.8K
The Electrical Double Layer01:30

The Electrical Double Layer

241
In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...
241

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mobility Function and Aperiodic Electrocortical Activity in Younger and Older Adults.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same author

Regular Metronome, Fractal Metronome, and Music for Parkinson Gait.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Assessment and Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Visual Field Impairments: Current Approaches and Emerging Technologies.

Neurorehabilitation and neural repair·2026
Same author

Evaluation of a conversation aid for patients with thyroid nodules considering a biopsy: pilot multicenter randomized control trial.

Endocrine·2026
Same author

Associations between declines in uneven terrain walking speed and visuospatial working memory in older adults.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience·2026
Same author

Interstride Variation in EEG Power Spectra of Younger and Older Adults Walking at a Range of Gait Speeds.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2026
Same journal

The language network responds robustly to sentences across tasks.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Neighborhood disadvantage and brain myelination: Insights from infancy to childhood.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Meditation and neurofeedback: A systematic scoping review, synthesis, and future directions.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Interactive shape and color representation in visual working memory for colored objects in the human occipitotemporal cortex.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Prediction-based sensory attenuation is related to prediction-based motor attenuation.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Comparing the effect of multi-gradient echo and multi-band fMRI during a semantic task.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Simultaneous Scalp Electroencephalography EEG, Electromyography EMG, and Whole-body Segmental Inertial Recording for Multi-modal Neural Decoding
11:25

Simultaneous Scalp Electroencephalography EEG, Electromyography EMG, and Whole-body Segmental Inertial Recording for Multi-modal Neural Decoding

Published on: July 26, 2013

44.0K

Age differences in electrocortical dynamics during uneven terrain walking.

Chang Liu1,2, Erika M Pliner1,3, Jacob Salminen1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Imaging Neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|December 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults show increased gait variability on uneven terrain and reduced brain activity modulation compared to younger adults. This suggests decreased cortical flexibility and reliance on visual processing with age.

Keywords:
EEGbalanceelectrocorticaluneven terrainwalking speed

More Related Videos

Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
08:56

Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults

Published on: November 7, 2014

14.2K
Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion
08:19

Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion

Published on: January 15, 2016

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 1, 2026

Simultaneous Scalp Electroencephalography EEG, Electromyography EMG, and Whole-body Segmental Inertial Recording for Multi-modal Neural Decoding
11:25

Simultaneous Scalp Electroencephalography EEG, Electromyography EMG, and Whole-body Segmental Inertial Recording for Multi-modal Neural Decoding

Published on: July 26, 2013

44.0K
Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
08:56

Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults

Published on: November 7, 2014

14.2K
Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion
08:19

Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion

Published on: January 15, 2016

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Gait control declines with age, particularly on challenging surfaces.
  • Mobile brain imaging using electroencephalography (EEG) offers insights into aging-related mobility changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare electrocortical activity during uneven terrain walking between young and older adults.
  • To investigate age-related differences in gait variability and neural responses to terrain difficulty.

Main Methods:

  • High-density EEG recorded brain activity in 31 young and 71 older adults walking on a treadmill with varying unevenness.
  • Gait parameters like step duration and sacral excursion were analyzed.
  • Changes in alpha and beta band power were examined across different terrain difficulties.

Main Results:

  • Older adults showed greater increases in gait variability (step duration, sacral excursion) with terrain unevenness.
  • Both age groups exhibited widespread brain activity changes, especially in alpha and beta bands, on uneven terrain.
  • Younger adults had greater reductions in parieto-occipital alpha and beta power with increasing terrain difficulty than older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults exhibit increased gait variability and reduced modulation of parieto-occipital brain activity on uneven terrain.
  • This suggests diminished cortical network flexibility and potentially a higher baseline reliance on visual processing in older adults.
  • Age-related changes in neural dynamics impact the ability to adapt gait to complex environments.