Frequency and Classification of Femoral Neck Fractures: A Cross-Sectional Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital in...

In the human body, the strongest and densest bone is the femur, which plays the pivotal role in weight-bearing. Therefore, femoral neck fractures lead to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aims to determine the frequency of femoral neck fractures in the general population using the Garden classification.

This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Orthopaedics, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, from January 10 to July 10, 2022. A total of 164 patients, aged 18-70 years of either gender, who presented after trauma with moderate to severe groin pain, tenderness, and swelling, were recruited. Diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical examination and radiological findings. Fractures were then classified using the Garden classification. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Quantitative variables were presented as mean ± SD, and qualitative variables as frequencies and percentages.

The mean age of patients was 50.64 ± 8.12 years. Out of 164 patients, 89 (54.3%) were male and 75 (45.7%) were female. Femoral neck fractures were observed in 51 (31.1%) patients. Among these, Garden Type I fractures were present in 19 (37.3%) patients, Garden Type II fractures in 20 (39.2%), Type III in 8 (15.7%), and Type IV in 4 (7.8%) patients.

The majority of femoral neck fractures in this cohort were classified as Garden Type I and II. Early recognition and classification are essential for guiding treatment and improving outcomes.