Response of Elite Onion Genotypes to Drought Stress: Morphophysiological and Agronomic Parameters and Stress Indexes
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Drought significantly impacts onion yield, especially during bulb development. Breeding drought-tolerant onion genotypes is crucial for improving crop productivity in water-scarce regions.
Area Of Science
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Physiology
- Genetics
Background
- Onion (Allium cepa) productivity is highly susceptible to water deficit stress.
- Developing drought-tolerant onion genotypes is essential for maintaining crop yields in arid and semi-arid regions.
- Understanding genotype-specific responses to drought is key for breeding programs.
Purpose Of The Study
- To evaluate the effects of drought stress on morphophysiological and yield parameters across 14 onion genotypes at different growth stages.
- To identify specific growth stages where drought has the most significant impact on onion development and yield.
- To determine drought tolerance levels among different onion genotypes.
Main Methods
- A split-plot design experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with control and drought treatments.
- Drought stress was applied for 10, 25, and 25 days during vegetative growth, bulb initiation, and bulb development stages, respectively.
- Morphophysiological traits (e.g., proline content) and yield parameters were measured to assess drought impact.
Main Results
- Drought significantly reduced morphological and physiological parameters, with the most pronounced effects observed after 25 days of stress during bulb development (p < 0.001).
- Proline content in onions increased under drought conditions.
- Yield decreased by 33.85% (p < 0.001) due to drought, particularly during the bulb development stage.
- Significant genotypic variation in drought tolerance was observed, with Goudami, Prema, and Red_Jewel F1 identified as tolerant.
Conclusions
- Onion susceptibility to drought is dependent on the growth stage and stress duration.
- Drought during bulb development poses a substantial threat to onion yield.
- The identified drought-tolerant genotypes (Goudami, Prema, Red_Jewel F1) hold potential for breeding programs aimed at enhancing onion resilience in water-limited environments.
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