Assessing the feasibility of interactions within a computer-generated virtual reality for people with dementia

The global prevalence of dementia is increasing, necessitating effective non-pharmacological interventions due to the limitations and side effects of pharmacological treatments. Digital health interventions, including Virtual Reality (VR), offer promising alternatives. This study assessed the feasibility, safety, and potential side effects of interactive computer-generated VR (CGVR) for individuals with dementia (IwD), focusing on reaction tests of varying complexity.

In the feasibility study recruited 32 participants with mild to moderate dementia, assessed by the Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE). Participants underwent a single CGVR session involving virtual reaction wall tasks of varying difficulty. Pre- and post-exposure assessments, alongside feedback forms, evaluated cognitive and motor functions, mood, anxiety, and balance (paired t-test).

Of the 32 participants, 29 completed the study (9% drop-out). Observational data indicated high levels of engagement and enjoyment. No adverse effects on cognitive or motor functions were observed, with slight non-significant improvements across most parameters. MMSE scores correlated significantly with task feasibility and reaction/motor times, highlighting the influence of cognitive status on performance.

CGVR demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability among IwD, with no adverse effects and potential to enhance cognitive and motor skills. Further research is required to explore long-term efficacy and optimize therapeutic applications.