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Preoperative Nutrition in Orthopaedic Surgery.
Megha R Aepala1, Alexa J Chandler2, Lindsay Orbeta2
1School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
JB & JS Open Access
|December 1, 2025
Summary
Optimizing nutrition before orthopedic surgery is key for better outcomes. Tailored diets and dietitian involvement improve tissue healing and muscle preservation during recovery.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Nutritional Science
- Metabolic Response
Background:
- Orthopedic surgery triggers a hypermetabolic state, impacting tissue regeneration.
- Optimal nutrition is crucial for mitigating surgical stress and enhancing recovery.
- Preoperative nutritional status significantly influences surgical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of nutritional optimization in orthopedic surgery.
- To review evidence-based preoperative nutritional interventions.
- To emphasize the role of dietitians in surgical care.
Main Methods:
- Review of evidence-based preoperative nutritional strategies.
- Analysis of the impact of macronutrients and micronutrients on surgical recovery.
- Examination of the benefits of integrating dietitians into surgical teams.
Main Results:
- Tailored intake of carbohydrates, protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients aids muscle preservation.
- Preoperative nutritional interventions support tissue regeneration and improve surgical outcomes.
- Dietitian integration enhances nutritional screening and personalized plans for high-risk patients.
Conclusions:
- Nutritional optimization is a vital component of modern orthopedic surgical care.
- Personalized, evidence-based nutritional plans improve patient recovery and outcomes.
- Multidisciplinary care, including dietitians, is essential for managing surgical patients' nutritional needs.
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