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Updated: Jan 9, 2026

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Calvarial Bone Defects Heal Better in Short-Term Ovariectomized Rats Compared to Healthy Rats.

Auden P Balouch1, Evan Marcet1, Jasmine Bogle1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA.

Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions
|December 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Estrogen deficiency from ovariectomy (OVX) surprisingly enhanced calvarial bone volume and healing in rats. This suggests potential therapeutic avenues for osteoporosis-related skull defects.

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and metabolism
  • Surgical repair and regenerative medicine
  • Endocrinology and osteoporosis

Background:

  • Postmenopausal estrogen deficiency creates a pro-resorptive bone state, increasing osteoporosis and fracture risks.
  • Craniectomies, common in older adults, involve calvarial bone removal, with graft failures due to resorption or infection.
  • Limited research exists on estrogen deficiency's impact on skull bone metabolism and healing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of short-term ovariectomy (OVX) on rat calvarial bone properties.
  • To evaluate the impact of OVX on the healing of surgically created calvarial defects.

Main Methods:

  • Ovariectomy (OVX) was performed on rats to induce estrogen deficiency.
  • Unilateral calvarial defects (3.5 mm) were created and assessed over 12 weeks.
Keywords:
Bone HealingCalvarial DefectOVXOvariectomyShort-Term OVX

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  • Calvarial bone properties and defect healing were compared between OVX and sham groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Intact calvaria in OVX rats exhibited higher bone volume, thickness, and remodeling cavities than sham rats.
    • Ovariectomy significantly enhanced calvarial defect healing compared to sham controls at 4, 8, and 12 weeks.
    • Healing was assessed via normalized bone volume measurements.

    Conclusions:

    • Estrogen deficiency, induced by OVX, unexpectedly improved calvarial bone healing and bone properties in rats.
    • Findings suggest potential therapeutic strategies for calvarial bone defects in osteoporotic models.
    • Further research is warranted to explore these implications for human therapies.