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A Case of Primary Amebic Meningitis with Acute Myocarditis

Yanli Zhang1, Qiuyu Fu2, Jianing Cui3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|December 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Primary amebic meningitis caused by Naegleria fowleri can lead to severe myocarditis. This rare case highlights the cardiac impact of this fatal CNS infection, emphasizing the need for comprehensive diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Primary amebic meningitis (PAM) is a rare, fatal CNS infection caused by Naegleria fowleri.
  • Cardiac involvement in PAM is underreported, with most focus on neurological damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of PAM with co-occurring severe myocarditis.
  • To investigate the link between Naegleria fowleri infection and cardiac dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical presentation analysis including neurological and cardiac examinations.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid and blood pathogen detection using Hongkiin second-generation sequencing.
  • Diagnostic workup for myocarditis: ECG, cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis of PAM confirmed by Naegleria fowleri detection in CSF and blood.
  • Severe myocarditis identified through ECG, elevated cardiac markers, and echocardiographic findings.
  • Patient experienced rapid deterioration, including respiratory and circulatory failure, shock, and brain death.

Conclusions:

  • Naegleria fowleri infection can cause severe, secondary myocarditis.
  • This case underscores the critical importance of considering cardiac complications in PAM.
  • Prompt diagnosis and comprehensive management are crucial, though outcomes remain poor.

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