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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Time-gated Raman spectroscopy using a 3D-stacked back-side illuminated CMOS SPAD array.

Gillian E Brown, Andrew B Matheson, Yuanyuan Hua

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    This study demonstrates a novel back-side illuminated (BSI) single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array for time-resolved Raman spectroscopy. The Atlas sensor achieves high count rates and precise timing, enabling microsecond spectral peak observation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Spectroscopic Imaging
    • Advanced Semiconductor Devices
    • CMOS Sensor Technology

    Background:

    • Single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are crucial for low-light imaging.
    • Back-side illuminated (BSI) technology enhances light detection efficiency.
    • Time-resolved sensing is vital for spectroscopic applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the temporal response of the Atlas BSI SPAD array.
    • To demonstrate the first use of a BSI SPAD array for time-resolved Raman spectroscopy.
    • To evaluate the performance of the Atlas sensor for spectroscopic applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Characterization of the temporal response of the 128x128 BSI SPAD array.
    • Implementation of time-resolved Raman spectroscopy using the Atlas sensor.
    • Performance comparison with a front-side illuminated SPAD array (RaII).

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a mean time resolution of 1.44 ns (FWHM) and a timing offset of ~153 ps.
    • Observed a 10.7x improvement in count rate compared to the RaII sensor.
    • Successfully detected Raman spectral peaks with microsecond exposures.

    Conclusions:

    • The Atlas BSI SPAD array demonstrates significant advantages for spectroscopy.
    • 3D-stacked BSI CMOS technology enables high-performance time-resolved sensing.
    • This work paves the way for advanced spectroscopic imaging applications.