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RETRACTED: Natural gas price prediction based on artificial intelligence models.
Xuhui Liu1, Meiqi Tang2, Yu Feng1
1School of Economics, Management and Law, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China.
Plos One
|December 1, 2025
Summary
Accurate multi-step natural gas price forecasting is crucial for energy security. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model demonstrates superior performance in predicting price fluctuations, outperforming other AI models in multi-day forecasts.
Area of Science:
- Energy Economics
- Artificial Intelligence
- Time Series Forecasting
Background:
- Geopolitical risks, such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict, expose vulnerabilities in global natural gas supply chains.
- Existing AI-driven energy price forecasting often lacks multi-step prediction analysis, failing to address performance degradation in dynamic frameworks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To construct and evaluate a multi-step forecasting framework for natural gas prices.
- To systematically compare the performance of four AI models in predicting natural gas prices across different forecast horizons.
Main Methods:
- Utilized daily natural gas price data from the US Henry Hub (1997-2024).
- Developed a multi-step prediction framework with forecast horizons of 1 to 4 days.
- Compared feedforward neural networks, support vector machines, random forests, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks.
Main Results:
- The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network consistently exhibited the lowest error rates across all prediction steps.
- In one-step forecasting, the LSTM model achieved a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 8.53%.
Conclusions:
- LSTM models offer a robust solution for accurate multi-step natural gas price forecasting.
- Findings support enhanced energy security policy-making and optimized trading strategies for energy markets.