Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) represents a significant obstacle within the realm of orthopedic procedures. Certain medical conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) which causes blockages in the lower urinary system, have been suggested as potential PJI contributing factors. Nevertheless, the available evidence remains inconclusive regarding these associations. For enhancing treatment strategies and ultimately improving results achieved by individuals receiving care, gaining a better understanding of these relationships is imperative. All in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, an indepth analysis was conducted utilizing structured and methodical review techniques, involving manual searches as well as databases like PubMed, EBSCO, and ProQuest. This review specifically included studies that provided information on both BPH and PJI. Through a meta-analytical approach, the data evaluation was conducted employing a random-effects framework. This process was facilitated by the use of Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 3. Five research articles were analyzed, collectively revealing no meaningful correlation between BPH and an elevated likelihood of PJI, as indicated by the odds ratio (OR 1.228, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.914-1.649, P=0.172). Moreover, no significant associations were yielded through further analyses for BPH studies for either total hip arthroplasty (OR 1.138, 95% CI 0.793-1.635, P=0.483) or total knee arthroplasty (OR 2.429, 95% CI 0.240-24.584, P=0.452) surgery. No association was substantiated between BPH and the incidence of PJI. It is possible that other factors, such as infections which are more likely to occur in individuals with BPH, could influence PJI rates.