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Related Concept Videos

What is Genetic Engineering?00:49

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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Science advising and democracy: Governing gene editing technologies.

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University scientists face conflicts between commercializing research and providing unbiased public interest advice, particularly concerning gene editing technologies. Strengthening regulations can help restore public trust in scientific expertise.

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Area of Science:

  • Political Science
  • Science and Technology Studies
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • Policymakers increasingly rely on university scientists for policy advice on complex issues like climate change and pandemics.
  • Democratic theorists examine the interplay between science advising and democratic governance.
  • Novel gene editing technologies present significant regulatory challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the political implications of scientific expertise in democratic governance.
  • To explore how political decisions incentivize research commercialization and industry partnerships.
  • To engage with Zeynep Pamuk's work on science advising and democratic theory.

Main Methods:

  • Applied political theory analysis.
  • Examination of the academic-industrial complex.
  • Focus on regulatory decisions for gene editing technologies.

Main Results:

  • Political decisions create incentives for scientists to commercialize research and partner with corporations.
  • The academic-industrial complex can compromise research integrity.
  • Scientists' capacity for disinterested public interest advice is impaired.

Conclusions:

  • A more robust regulatory environment is needed to address the challenges posed by scientific expertise in policy.
  • Restoring public trust in science requires careful management of academic-industry relationships.
  • Policy decisions surrounding emerging technologies must consider the integrity of scientific advice.